Nutrition
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia on functional outcomes, including activities of daily living (ADLs); dysphagia status; and the rate of home discharge, among hospitalized adults receiving convalescent rehabilitation. ⋯ Sarcopenia is associated with worse recovery of ADLs and dysphagia and a lower rate of home discharge in hospitalized adults undergoing convalescent rehabilitation. Early detection of sarcopenia and treatment by rehabilitation nutrition should be implemented in this population.
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The aim of this study was to review the existence and types of correlations between body composition densitometric parameters and laboratory values associated to cardiometabolic risk. ⋯ DXA analysis of VAT is associated with selected laboratory parameters used for the evaluation of cardiometabolic risk and could be per se a helpful parameter in the assessment of clinical risk.
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Better nutritional reserves are proposed as a mechanism for the protective role of obesity in hemodialysis. Little is known about the quality of diet as a major contributor to nutritional status, specifically body mass index and obesity. The aim of this study was to assess dietary inflammatory index (DII®) score and other parameters of diet in normal-weight and obese patients undergoing hemodialysis to understand whether there is a benefit for obese patients. ⋯ Observed higher diet inflammatory potential and energy density and lower wasting in the obese group, along with similar adequacy of nutrients intake between groups, indicates that lower wasting, but not other indicators of nutritional status, are involved in better prognosis of obese patients with hemodialysis. Further studies are required to assess the potential dietary factors involved in determining wasting in advanced kidney failure.
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Emerging evidence from epidemiologic studies and clinical trials indicates that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) may have a preventive or therapeutic effect on allergy, although the results remain controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between intake of fish and ω-3 PUFAs with risk for lifetime prevalence of physician-diagnosed allergy in a Japanese population. ⋯ Fish and ω-3 PUFA intake were associated with increased risk for some allergic diseases. Further research is warranted to confirm these findings in individuals with high fish consumption.
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Case Reports
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in an adolescent with Prader-Willi syndrome: psychosocial implications.
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder and represents the most common genetic cause of life-threatening obesity in childhood and adolescence. The indication for bariatric surgery in children and adolescents with syndromic obesity is still controversial. This case report deals with the preoperative medical and psychosocial evaluation of a 16-y-old male adolescent with PWS who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. ⋯ At 2- and 6-mo follow-ups, the percent excess weight loss was 16 (BMI 71.8 kg/m2) and 29.2 (BMI 64.6 kg/m2), respectively. Comorbities did improve. Intellectual disability of genetic origin per se may not represent an absolute contraindication to bariatric surgery if adequate and tailored clinical and psychosocial support is provided.