Nutrition
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It has been hypothesized that fruit and vegetable intake is inversely associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD). However, some studies have speculated that fruit intake might be positively associated with NAFLD owing to the fructose content of the fruit. This might cause consumers to hesitate consuming fruit. The aim of this study was to assess the association between fruit and vegetable consumption and NAFLD. ⋯ No obesity-independent association was found between fruit or vegetable intake and NAFLD. According to the findings of this study, Japanese do not need to restrict fruit consumption to limit fructose intake as a means of preventing NAFLD.
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Case Reports
Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy in an adolescent with Prader-Willi syndrome: psychosocial implications.
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex genetic disorder and represents the most common genetic cause of life-threatening obesity in childhood and adolescence. The indication for bariatric surgery in children and adolescents with syndromic obesity is still controversial. This case report deals with the preoperative medical and psychosocial evaluation of a 16-y-old male adolescent with PWS who underwent sleeve gastrectomy. ⋯ At 2- and 6-mo follow-ups, the percent excess weight loss was 16 (BMI 71.8 kg/m2) and 29.2 (BMI 64.6 kg/m2), respectively. Comorbities did improve. Intellectual disability of genetic origin per se may not represent an absolute contraindication to bariatric surgery if adequate and tailored clinical and psychosocial support is provided.
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The aim of this study was to verify if the selenium status of patients residing in locations with selenium-poor soil who receive parenteral nutrition (PN) without selenium supplementation is associated with the inflammatory process. ⋯ Very low values of selenium and GPx from the beginning of PN were identified. The correlation of selenium levels with GPx in only 14 d of PN, regardless of inflammation, may reflect a critical selenium status, mainly because the correlation was verified after the acute phase. Therefore it is important to emphasize that supplementation should be started from the beginning of PN, especially in regions with selenium-deficient soil.
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The aim of the present study was to identify whether overweight liver recipients are hypometabolic. ⋯ The REE of overweight liver recipients is reduced and it might be a risk factor for excessive body weight gain in this population.
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This study aimed to assess the use and perceived effectiveness of probiotics by the general population (with or without self-reported constipation), and their recommendation and perceived effectiveness by general practitioners (GPs) and gastroenterology specialists. ⋯ There is high usage and perceived evidence for probiotics among people with constipation. However, most GPs and gastroenterology specialists do not recommend them for constipation, suggesting a need for further research and education of health care professionals on existing evidence.