Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of extra virgin olive oil and pecans on plasma fatty acids in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of a healthy diet supplemented with extra virgin olive oil or pecans on plasma fatty acids (PFAs) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). ⋯ In patients with stable CAD, there were no significant differences in PFAs after 12 wk according to dietary interventions evaluated.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Caffeine decreases ammonemia in athletes using a ketogenic diet during prolonged exercise.
Both exercise and a ketogenic (low-carbohydrate) diet favor glycogen depletion and increase ammonemia, which can impair physical performance. Caffeine supplementation has been routinely used to improve exercise performance. Herein, the effect of xanthine was evaluated on ammonemia in cyclists who were placed on a ketogenic diet and engaged in prolonged exercise. ⋯ Our results suggest that the consumption of caffeine might attenuate the increase in ammonemia that occurs during exercise.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Time-of-day effects of consumption of fish oil-enriched sausages on serum lipid parameters and fatty acid composition in normolipidemic adults: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, and parallel-group pilot study.
The body clock controls diurnal rhythms of nutrient digestion, absorption, and metabolism. Fish oil (FO) contains abundant ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), that are thought to lower triglyceride (TG) levels. This randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group trial aimed to confirm the effects of the time of FO intake on TG in healthy Japanese adults. ⋯ These findings suggested that the timing of FO intake affects both serum FA concentrations and TG metabolism in normolipidemic humans. The mechanisms of these effects of FO on lipid metabolism require further investigation.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Oral chronic sulforaphane effects on heavy resistance exercise: Implications on inflammatory and muscle damage parameters in young practitioners.
Sulforaphane is a phytochemical that is commonly found in broccoli and broccoli sprouts. However, whether chronic sulforaphane ingestion suppresses heavy resistance exercise-induced muscle damage parameters in humans remains unknown. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of oral chronic sulforaphane ingestion on heavy resistance exercise-induced muscle damage parameters. ⋯ Together, these findings suggest that the oral chronic intake of sulforaphane suppressed the heavy resistance exercise-induced increase in muscle damage parameter and expression of inflammatory cytokines. The chronic use of sulforaphane may be a novel therapeutic candidate for the prevention of muscle damage in athletes training daily with high-intensity exercise.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Dose effect of bovine lactoferrin fortification on diarrhea and respiratory tract infections in weaned infants with anemia: A randomized, controlled trial.
The aim of this study was to explore the dose effect of bovine lactoferrin (bLF) fortification on the morbidity of diarrhea and respiratory tract infections in weaned infants with anemia. ⋯ The bLF-fortified formula was effective in reducing the morbidity of diarrhea and RTIs in infants with anemia, with the 76 mg/100 g bLF-fortified formula exhibiting a stronger effect. The bLF fortification could be a new strategy for the prevention of diarrhea and RTIs in infants with anemia.