Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A baru almond-enriched diet reduces abdominal adiposity and improves high-density lipoprotein concentrations: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Nut consumption is associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular disease. Baru almonds have a high protein content and high quantities of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a baru almond-enriched diet on body composition and markers of lipid metabolism in overweight and obese women. ⋯ A baru almond-enriched diet for 8-wk reduced abdominal adiposity and improved high-density lipoprotein in overweight and obese women. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as RBR-2 wpryx.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of sucralose on insulin and glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion in healthy subjects: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Emerging evidence shows that non-nutritive sweeteners might induce glucose intolerance. This study aims to determine the effects of chronic exposure to sucralose on glycemic response, insulin secretion and sensitivity, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) release in healthy subjects. ⋯ The continuous exposure to sucralose reduced AIR, decreased insulin sensitivity, and enhanced GLP-1 release in healthy subjects. However, the clinical significance of these results needs to be investigated in longer follow-up studies.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intravenous lipid emulsions and liver function in adult chronic intestinal failure patients: results from a randomized clinical trial.
Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) can become a risk factor for intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD). Many ILEs are commercially available, however, a direct comparison of their impact on liver has, to our knowledge, never been performed. The aim of the study was to analyse that clinical problem during long term parenteral nutrition (PN). ⋯ All four ILEs tested may be safe even during long-term parenteral nutrition. OO/LCT may be more effective than the others, but more studies in the field are needed.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Aggressive fluid and sodium restriction in decompensated heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: Results from a randomized clinical trial.
Sodium and fluid restriction is commonly prescribed for heart failure patients. However, its role in the treatment of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of a diet with sodium and fluid restriction with an unrestricted diet in patients admitted for decompensated HFpEF. ⋯ Aggressive sodium and fluid restriction does not provide symptomatic or prognosis benefits, but does produce greater perception of thirst, may impair the patient's food intake, and does not seem to have an important neurohormonal effect in patients admitted for decompensated HFpEF.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study
Effect of herbal medicine daikenchuto on oral and enteral caloric intake after liver transplantation: A multicenter, randomized controlled trial.
Postoperative early oral or enteral intake is a crucial element of the Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) protocol. However, normal food intake or enteral feeding cannot be started early in the presence of coexisting bowel dysfunction in patients undergoing liver transplantation (LT). The aim of this multicenter, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was to determine the enhancement effects of the Japanese herbal medicine Daikenchuto (DKT) on oral/enteral caloric intake in patients undergoing LT. ⋯ Postoperative administration of DKT may enhance total oral/enteral caloric intake and portal venous flow volume and velocity after LT and favorably contribute to the performance of the ERAS protocol.