Nutrition
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Changes in lipid profiles occur in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), whether due to sepsis or another cause. Hypocholesterolemia associated with hypertriacylglycerolemia can lead to disease severity and higher mortality. The aim of this systematic review was to describe the principal alterations in markers that participate in the alteration of the lipid profile. ⋯ Critically ill patients with SIRS, sepsis, or both presented with alterations in lipid metabolism.
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Malnutrition is an independent risk factor for poor outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. However, the indicator of malnutrition has not yet been established. We investigated the relationship between the Controlling Nutritional Status score, a useful prognostic measure of malnutrition in patients with cardiovascular diseases and malignant tumors, and functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke. ⋯ The Controlling Nutritional Status score at admission could be a useful prognostic marker of 3-mo functional outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A baru almond-enriched diet reduces abdominal adiposity and improves high-density lipoprotein concentrations: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
Nut consumption is associated with reduced risks of cardiovascular disease. Baru almonds have a high protein content and high quantities of mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, phenolic compounds, and antioxidants. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a baru almond-enriched diet on body composition and markers of lipid metabolism in overweight and obese women. ⋯ A baru almond-enriched diet for 8-wk reduced abdominal adiposity and improved high-density lipoprotein in overweight and obese women. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as RBR-2 wpryx.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of cancer patients changing their diet in relation to cancer site, sex, age and geographic distribution. Furthermore, we aimed to explore the rationale behind dietary changes and to identify sources of information in order to plan specific educational training. ⋯ Italian patients are attentive to the importance of diet during cancer treatment. Personal choices reflect some indications for cancer prevention as there is still a shortage of guidelines for a correct diet during treatment. Nutrition indications are rarely given within the oncologic center.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Intravenous lipid emulsions and liver function in adult chronic intestinal failure patients: results from a randomized clinical trial.
Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) can become a risk factor for intestinal failure associated liver disease (IFALD). Many ILEs are commercially available, however, a direct comparison of their impact on liver has, to our knowledge, never been performed. The aim of the study was to analyse that clinical problem during long term parenteral nutrition (PN). ⋯ All four ILEs tested may be safe even during long-term parenteral nutrition. OO/LCT may be more effective than the others, but more studies in the field are needed.