Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Meta AnalysisThe influence of a dominating centre on a quantitative systematic review of granisetron for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting.
We performed a meta-analysis on granisetron in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and further investigated whether total results and the dose-response characteristics may be significantly affected by a single centre. ⋯ Overall results and dose-response characteristics of meta-analyses may be significantly altered by one dominating centre. Further, if data of a dominating centre do not appear to be valid for other centres, it may seem advisable to either exclude them from the analysis or to perform sub-group analyses so that results without the data from the dominating centre are available.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialCombination of droperidol and ondansetron reduces PONV after pediatric strabismus surgery more than single drug therapy.
Pediatric strabismus surgery is associated with a very high incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting [(PONV) 44-88%]. Droperidol (10-75 microg kg(-1)) and ondansetron (50-150 microg kg(-1)) have shown variable success in reducing the incidence and severity of PONV. Combination of these two drugs has shown promising results. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of these two drugs in reducing the incidence and severity of PONV in pediatric strabismus surgery. ⋯ Droperidol 15 microg kg(-1) in combination with ondansetron 100 microg kg(-1), administered at the induction and end of the operative procedure respectively, is more effective than either drug given individually in reducing the incidence of PONV after strabismus surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPosture-related distribution of hyperbaric bupivacaine in cerebro-spinal fluid is influenced by spinal needle characteristics.
No studies have evaluated the relationship between duration of time sitting and spinal needle type on the maximal spread of local anaesthetics. The few trials available have studied the influence of time spent sitting on the spread of anaesthesia without standardising spinal needle types, and have not found any effect. ⋯ In a standard spinal anaesthesia procedure, when different lengths of time spent sitting are compared, spinal needle characteristics influence the maximum spread of hyperbaric bupivacaine. However, within the limits of our study, a two-segment difference in block height is too small to consider using spinal needles as valuable tools to control block height during spinal anaesthesia in our daily practice.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of hypertonic 75 mg/ml (7.5%) saline on extracellular water volume when used for preloading before spinal anaesthesia.
Prevention of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia is commonly achieved using fluid preloading. This may result in a substantial amount of excess free water retained in the body after spinal anaesthesia. We aimed to evaluate the effects of 7.5% hypertonic saline on extracellular water volume and haemodynamics when used for fluid preloading before spinal anaesthesia. ⋯ Hypertonic 75 mg/ml (7.5%) saline is an alternative for preloading before spinal anaesthesia in situations where excess free water administration is not desired. It is effective in small doses of 1.6 ml/kg, which increase the extracellular water, plasma volume and cardiac output, and thus maintain haemodynamic stability during spinal anaesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2001
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialFrequency of haemoglobin desaturation with the use of succinylcholine during rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia.
The perceived safety of the use of succinylcholine is based on the fact that recovery from its effects will occur before oxygen desaturation occurs in case of failure to intubate or ventilate. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of oxygen desaturation after the use of succinylcholine prior to resumption of spontaneous ventilation following four different preoxygenation techniques. ⋯ We conclude that use of succinylcholine may not always prevent desaturation if there is a failure to intubate and ventilate during a rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia.