Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2015
Review Meta AnalysisPeripherally applied opioids for postoperative pain: evidence of an analgesic effect? A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Opioids applied peripherally at the site of surgery may produce postoperative analgesia with few side effects. We performed this systematic review to evaluate the analgesic effect of peripherally applied opioids for acute postoperative pain. ⋯ Evidence of a clinically relevant analgesic effect of peripherally applied opioids for acute postoperative pain is lacking. The analgesic effect of peripherally applied opioids may depend on the presence of preoperative inflammation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 2015
ReviewCan the dopaminergic-related effects of general anesthetics be linked to mechanisms involved in drug abuse and addiction?
General anesthetics (GA) are well known for the ability to induce a state of reversible loss of consciousness and unresponsiveness to painful stimuli. However, evidence from animal models and clinical studies show that GA exposure may induce behavioral changes beyond acute effects. Most research and concerns are focused on changes in cognition and memory. ⋯ A review of available evidence strongly suggests that there may be a link between the effects of GA on the brain and substance abuse, partly explained by their influence on the dopaminergic system.