British journal of anaesthesia
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Plasma substitution effects of a new hydroxyethyl starch HES 130/0.4 compared with HES 200/0.5 during and after extended acute normovolaemic haemodilution.
The volume expansion effect of a recently introduced hydroxyethyl starch, HES 130/0.4, was compared with the commonly used HES 200/0.5 after rapid infusion of a single large dose (up to 2 litres) administered during acute normovolaemic haemodilution (ANH). ⋯ This study demonstrates a good immediate and medium-term plasma volume substitution effect of HES 130 compared with HES 200. HES 130 could represent a suitable synthetic colloid for plasma volume substitution during extensive ANH.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Blood/gas partition coefficients of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in horse blood.
Blood/gas partition coefficients (lambda(b/g)) for volatile agents in horse blood are reported for halothane but not for isoflurane and sevoflurane. We measured the lambda(b/g) of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in the blood of fasted horses. The correlation with age, weight and some haematological and biochemical variables was studied. The temperature correction factor for isoflurane solubility was calculated. ⋯ The lambda(b/g) values of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in fasted horses are significantly lower than those reported in humans. The lambda(b/g) for halothane in this study agrees with values reported in the literature but a positive correlation with plasma triglycerides could not be confirmed. Knowledge of lambda(b/g) can refine models of anaesthetic uptake.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Effect of intravenous alizapride on spinal morphine-induced pruritus.
This double-blind study was undertaken to determine whether alizapride inhibits spinal morphine-induced pruritus. ⋯ Alizapride reduced the severity of morphine-induced pruritus.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of different quantitative sensory testing methods during remifentanil infusion in volunteers.
The aim of this study was to compare thermal and current sensory testing stimuli with respect to opioid responsiveness. ⋯ Both current (5 and 250 Hz) and heat sensory testing detected a significant analgesic effect of a remifentanil infusion compared with saline. There was more response to current testing.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Pre-emptive analgesic efficacy of tramadol compared with morphine after major abdominal surgery.
Studies of pre-emptive analgesia in humans have shown conflicting results. This prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled study was designed to test the hypothesis that a reduction in postoperative morphine consumption can be achieved by tramadol administered after induction of anaesthesia. ⋯ Tramadol (1 mg kg(-1)), administered after induction of anaesthesia, offered equivalent postoperative pain relief, and similar recovery times and postoperative PCA morphine consumption compared with giving morphine 0.1 mg kg(-1). These results also suggest that presurgical exposure to systemic opioid analgesia may not result in clinically significant benefits .