Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Multicenter Study
Rechargeable vs. nonrechargeable internal pulse generators in the management of dystonia.
To test if deep brain stimulation (DBS) treatment of dystonia was similar in patients before and after implantation of rechargeable internal pulse generators (IPGs). ⋯ Rechargeable IPGs should be the IPGs of choice for dystonic patients receiving DBS as IPGs offer similar treatment efficacy to nonrechargeable IPGs with advantages in terms of costs and reductions in reimplantation frequency.
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We retrospectively investigated the correlation between disease duration and the therapeutic effect of globus pallidus internus (GPi) stimulation in patients with primary cervical dystonia (CD). ⋯ Bilateral GPi-DBS is an effective long-term therapy in patients with CD. The delivery of GPi stimulation in the earlier course of CD may yield greater postoperative improvement.
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We demonstrate that confocal Raman mapping spectroscopy provides rapid, detailed, and accurate neurotransmitter analysis, enabling millisecond time resolution monitoring of biochemical dynamics. As a prototypical demonstration of the power of the method, we present real-time in vitro serotonin, adenosine, and dopamine detection, and dopamine diffusion in an inhomogeneous organic gel, which was used as a substitute for neurologic tissue. ⋯ Accurate nondestructive characterization for real-time detection of neurotransmitters in inhomogeneous environments without the requirement of sample labeling is a key issue in neuroscience. Our work demonstrates the capabilities of Raman spectroscopy in biological applications, possibly providing a new tool for elucidating the mechanism and kinetics of deep brain stimulation.
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To investigate in people with spastic paraparesis (SP): 1) the factors contributing to foot drop and reduced toe clearance while walking; 2) short-term effects of bilateral functional electrical stimulation (FES) of the common peroneal nerve. ⋯ There are multiple causes of tripping in people with SP; FES reduces foot drop and improves walking speed.
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To quantify the overall and disaggregated societal costs of intrathecal drug delivery systems (IDDSs) in the treatment of pain and spasticity in the United States. ⋯ The societal costs for IDDS patients are high and extremely variable. A relatively small number of patients made an extreme number of medical encounters and represent a heavy societal cost burden. In order to reduce the growing societal cost of chronic pain and spasticity treatment, measures should be taken to reduce the resource utilization and costs of the most challenging patients.