Articles: propylene-glycols.
-
A 3-year old male who sustained 2(nd) and 3(rd) degree burns that covered approximately 60% TBSA presented to a large adult and pediatric verified burn center. On hospital day (HD) 26 of his stay, Candida fungemia was identified by blood culture, delaying operative management until HD 47. On HD 47, after his first operative intervention, the patient developed a persistent metabolic and lactic acidosis. ⋯ When propylene glycol is present systemically, it is metabolized to lactic acid in the liver, which can cause a lactic acidosis. Several commonly used drugs also use propylene glycol as an emulsifier, including IV preparations of lorazepam, pentobarbital, phenobarbital, and phenytoin. In all of these clinical scenarios, including severe burn patients that are being treated with silver sulfadiazine, both lactic acid and propylene glycol levels should be measured to monitor for this rare, potentially serious co-morbidity.
-
Acta Neurochir. Suppl. · Jan 2013
Metabolomic analysis of cerebral spinal fluid from patients with severe brain injury.
Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR) spectroscopic analysis of cerebral spinal fluid provides a quick, non-invasive modality for evaluating the metabolic activity of brain-injured patients. In a prospective study, we compared the CSF of 44 TBI patients and 13 non-injured control subjects. CSF was screened for ten parameters: β-glucose (Glu), lactate (Lac), propylene glycol (PG), glutamine (Gln), alanine (Ala), α-glucose (A-Glu), pyruvate (PYR), creatine (Cr), creatinine (Crt), and acetate (Ace). ⋯ For TBI patients, the strongest significant correlations were between lactate and α-glucose (r = 0.54), lactate and alanine (r = 0.53), and α-glucose and alanine (r = 0.48). The GLM and multimodel inference indicated that the combined metabolites of PG, glutamine, α-glucose, and creatinine were the strongest predictors for CMRO2, ICP, and GOSe. By analyzing the CSF of patients with TBI, our goal was to create a metabolomic fingerprint for brain injury.
-
Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. · Dec 2012
Fingolimod (FTY720) inhibits neuroinflammation and attenuates spontaneous convulsions in lithium-pilocarpine induced status epilepticus in rat model.
Accumulating evidence has shown that neuroinflammation plays a key role in epileptogenesis. However, the efficacy of anti-inflammatory agents for preventing epilepsy remains controversial. Fingolimod (FTY720), a sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) analog, has potent anti-inflammatory effects in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and animal models. ⋯ During 21-34days post-SE, the incidence, duration, frequency and severity of SCs significantly decreased in FTY720 treated rats compared with saline treated rats. Aberrant MFS was also attenuated by FTY720 administration. These results suggest that FTY720 exerts anti-inflammatory and antiepileptogenic effects in lithium-pilocarpine model of epilepsy and it may provide a new therapeutic approach for prevention of epileptogenesis.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Association of speculum lubrication with pain and Papanicolaou test accuracy.
To determine the effects of lubrication of the vaginal speculum before insertion during a Papanicolaou test on perceived pain and quality of the cytology specimen. ⋯ During the collection of Papanicolaou test specimens, lubrication of the vaginal speculum with a small amount of K-Y Jelly (a water-soluble lubricant gel) decreases the pain associated with insertion of the vaginal speculum among postmenopausal women without obscuring the cytological interpretation of conventional or liquid-based cytology. In women of reproductive age, lubrication of the speculum with K-Y Jelly does not cause a meaningful effect with respect to perceived pain.
-
Current treatments for cerebral aneurysms are far from ideal. Platinum coils are prone to compaction, and currently used liquid embolics are delivered with angiotoxic agents. This work presents initial in vivo studies of a novel liquid-to-solid gelling polymer system (PPODA-QT), focusing on biocompatibility and effective delivery strategies. ⋯ This small-scale pilot study highlighted first-time in vivo use of PPODA-QT as an embolic agent for aneurysm treatment. Filling aneurysms to 80% to 90% capacity proved to be a safe and effective delivery strategy, and PPODA-QT showed excellent biocompatibility. This study indicates that future investigation of PPODA-QT for aneurysm embolization is warranted, as it may prove to be a viable alternative to current embolic materials.