Articles: low-back-pain.
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J Orthop Sports Phys Ther · Dec 2019
Individuals With and Without Low Back Pain Use Different Motor Control Strategies to Achieve Spinal Stiffness During the Prone Instability Test.
The prone instability test is used to identify individuals with low back pain (LBP) who would benefit from trunk stabilization exercises. Although activity from muscles during the leg-raising portion of the prone instability test theoretically enhances spinal stiffness and reduces pain, evidence for this is lacking. ⋯ Spinal stiffness increased in all participants; however, participants without LBP demonstrated a muscle synergy pattern where each synergy was associated with a distinct function of the prone instability test. Participants with LBP used a more global stabilization pattern, which may reflect a maladaptive method of enhancing spinal stability. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2019;49(12):899-907. Epub 3 Aug 2019. doi:10.2519/jospt.2019.8577.
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Clinical Trial
Immediate effect of pain neuroscience education for recent onset low back pain: an exploratory single arm trial.
Study Design: A prospective, single-arm, pre-postintervention study. Objective: To determine the preliminary usefulness of providing pain neuroscience education (PNE) on improving pain and movement in patients presenting with non-chronic mechanical low back pain (LBP). Background: PNE has been shown to be an effective intervention for the treatment of chronic LBP but its usefulness in patients with non-chronic LBP has not been examined. ⋯ SLR improved significantly (p = 0.002), but mean change did not exceed MDC. Conclusions: PNE may be an interesting option in the treatment of patients with non-chronic mechanical LBP. The present pilot study provides the rationale for studying larger groups of patients in controlled studies over longer periods of time.
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The treatment of patients with chronic pain should be carried out in interdisciplinary multimodal pain programs of which relaxation methods represent an integral part. The German disease management guidelines (NDGM) on nonspecific low back pain currently do not recommend biofeedback as a relaxation technique for chronic low back pain due to inadequate data. Furthermore, health insurances do not cover the costs of this treatment. ⋯ Biofeedback relaxation is a suitable method in the treatment of chronic non-specific low back pain. Its use in interdisciplinary multimodal pain programs should be encouraged.
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To assess the prevalence and characteristics of chronic neck pain, chronic low back pain, and migraine or frequent headaches among Spanish adults in 2014 according to gender, to identify predictors for each of these types of pains, and to compare the prevalence with those found in 2009. ⋯ The prevalence and intensity of all the forms of chronic pain were higher among women. Women experiencing pain used prescribed medications for pain, anxiety, and/or depression and sleeping pills more than men. The prevalence of chronic neck and low back has increased in the last five years in Spain, and the prevalence of migraine or frequent headaches has remained stable.
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Sensory dissociation (SEDI), the discrepancy between perception and actual size or shape of a painful body part, is a frequently observed finding in patients with chronic low back pain. However, the current methods of evaluating SEDI have several limitations, such as a qualitative nature and weak evidence supporting their reliability. In the current study, the reliability of two versions (manual and verbal) of a novel test, a two-point estimation task (TPE), was investigated. ⋯ TPE showed higher reliability coefficients compared with tools previously suggested in the literature and can therefore be used clinically and experimentally by one or more examiners. Further research is required to investigate the validity of this new test.