Articles: human.
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Critical care medicine · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialTranscompartmental Inflammatory Responses in Humans: IV Versus Endobronchial Administration of Endotoxin.
Transcompartmental signaling during early inflammation may lead to propagation of disease to other organs. The time course and the mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. We aimed at comparing acute transcompartmental inflammatory responses in humans following lipopolysaccharide-induced pulmonary and systemic inflammation. ⋯ Acute lung or systemic inflammation in humans is followed by a transcompartmental proinflammatory response, the degree and differential kinetics of which suggests that the propagation of inflammation may depend on the primary site of injury.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jul 2014
Randomized Controlled TrialInfra-Additive Effects of Nefopam and Meperidine on Shivering in Humans Nefopam and Meperidine Are Infra-Additive on the Shivering Threshold in Humans.
Induction of therapeutic hypothermia is often complicated by shivering. Nefopam, a nonsedative benzoxazocine analgesic, reduces the shivering threshold (triggering core temperature) with minimal side effects. Consequently, nefopam is an attractive drug for inducing therapeutic hypothermia. However, nefopam alone is insufficient and thus needs to be combined with another drug. Meperidine also reduces the shivering threshold. We therefore determined whether the combination of nefopam and meperidine is additive, infra-additive, or synergistic on the shivering threshold. ⋯ The combination of nefopam and meperidine should be avoided for induction of therapeutic hypothermia. Better options would be combinations of drugs that are at least additive or even synergistic.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Targeted temperature management after intracerebral hemorrhage (TTM-ICH): methodology of a prospective randomized clinical trial.
Intracerebral hemorrhage causes 15% of strokes annually in the United States, and there is currently no effective therapy. ⋯ More research of novel therapies to improve outcomes after intracerebral hemorrhage is desperately needed. The results of the targeted temperature management after intracerebral hemorrhage clinical trial may provide additional information on the applicability of targeted temperature management after intracerebral hemorrhage.
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Anesthesia and analgesia · Jun 2014
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyDehydration Enhances Pain-Evoked Activation in the Human Brain Compared with Rehydration.
Negative effects of dehydration on the human brain and cognitive function have been reported. In this study, we examined the effects of dehydration on pain thresholds and cortical activations in response to pain, compared with rehydration with an oral rehydration solution (ORS) by functional magnetic resonance imaging. ⋯ Our findings suggest that dehydration brings about increased brain activity related to painful stimuli together with enhanced thirst, whereas rehydration with ORS alleviates thirst and decreases brain activity related to painful stimuli.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Synergistic Interaction between Fentanyl and Bupivacaine Given Intrathecally for Labor Analgesia.
Intrathecal fentanyl synergistically improves labour analgesia when given in combination with bupivacaine.
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