Articles: general-anesthesia.
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Case Reports Comparative Study
Investigation of asleep versus awake motor mapping in resective brain surgery.
To develop an asleep motor mapping paradigm for accurate detection of the corticospinal tract during glioma surgery and compare outcomes with awake patients undergoing glioma resection. ⋯ In this small patient series, asleep motor mapping using commonly available motor evoked potential hardware appears to be safe and efficacious in regard to EOR and functional outcomes.
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Background: We hypothesized that the expression of exosomes under general anaesthesia with an inhalational anaesthetic agent would be changed. The study was designed to confirm the effect of general anesthesia with an inhalational anaesthetic agent on the expression of exosomes in rats. Methods: After intraperitoneal administration for the mixture of ketamine and xylazine, tracheal intubation was performed. ⋯ The cytokines in the blood did not show any significant difference before and after anaesthesia with isoflurane. Conclusion: General anaesthesia with an inhalational anaesthetic agent increased the expression of exosomes in the blood. However, the change was limited in the blood, not the alveoli and the brain.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2022
ReviewBlood pressure and flow in pediatric anesthesia: An educational review.
During recent years, a lot of interest has been focused on blood pressure in the context of pediatric anesthesia, trying to define what is normal in relation to age and what numeric values that should be regarded as hypotension, needing active intervention. However, blood pressure is mainly measured as a proxy for flow, that is, cardiac output. Thus, just focusing on specific blood pressure numbers may not necessarily be very useful or appropriate. The aim of this educational review is to put the issue of intraoperative blood pressure in the context of pediatric anesthesia in further perspective.
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Observational Study
Mediastinal Masses, Anesthetic Interventions, and Airway Compression in Adults: A Prospective Observational Study.
Central airway occlusion is a feared complication of general anesthesia in patients with mediastinal masses. Maintenance of spontaneous ventilation and avoiding neuromuscular blockade are recommended to reduce this risk. Physiologic arguments supporting these recommendations are controversial and direct evidence is lacking. The authors hypothesized that, in adult patients with moderate to severe mediastinal mass-mediated tracheobronchial compression, anesthetic interventions including positive pressure ventilation and neuromuscular blockade could be instituted without compromising central airway patency. ⋯ These observations suggest a need to reassess prevailing assumptions regarding positive pressure ventilation and/or paralysis and mediastinal mass-mediated airway collapse, but do not prove that conventional (nonstaged) inductions are safe for such patients.