Articles: nerve-block.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Injection pain: comparison of three mandibular block techniques and modulation by nitrous oxide:oxygen.
The authors conducted this study to compare the pain on injection of the three mandibular block techniques and to determine the effect that the delivery of nitrous oxide:oxygen, or N2O:O2, had on this pain. ⋯ The decision to select one of the three mandibular block techniques should be based on factors other than pain on injection. N2O:O2 reduces pain on the first injection only.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Jul 2003
Comparative StudyLevobupivacaine versus ropivacaine for sciatic nerve block in the rat.
Ropivacaine and levobupivacaine, both single S- enantiomers, are being promoted as safer alternatives to racemic bupivacaine. To determine whether levobupivacaine produces a more potent and longer lasting peripheral nerve block than ropivacaine, we compared functional blockade of sciatic nerve in the rat at several doses with these 2 agents. ⋯ At the lowest concentration (0.0625%), levobupivacaine produces a greater degree of motor impairment and a longer duration of proprioceptive impairment relative to ropivacaine. At the middle concentration (0.125%), there no differences between the 2 drugs. At the higher concentration (0.25%), which is within the range used clinically for peripheral nerve block (0.25%-0.5%), levobupivacaine produces approximately a 30% longer duration of complete block in each modality compared with that by ropivacaine.
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Clinical Trial
Factors affecting the spread of bupivacaine in the adult thoracic paravertebral space.
Factors affecting the spread of bupivacaine in the paravertebral space were investigated in patients undergoing paravertebral nerve blocks for the treatment of chronically painful conditions. Injections of bupivacaine 0.5%, 10-15 ml mixed with depomedrone up to 80 mg were repeated at 2-wk intervals up to a maximum of four times. A blinded observer mapped out the subsequent distribution of sensory loss to cold on both sides of the torso at 5-min intervals after each injection. ⋯ A single bolus of bupivacaine produces a safe but unpredictable block. Yet to be defined physical properties and anatomical factors are probably key determinants of the spread of bupivacaine in the paravertebral space. This single bolus technique may be better supplanted by a reversion to the older multiple level injection technique.
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Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled TrialSupraclavicular brachial plexus block with and without dexamethasone - a comparative study.
To compare the analgesic efficacy of local aesthetic with and without dexamethasone in supraclavicular brachial plexus block. ⋯ Addition of dexamethasone for brachial plexus block significantly prolongs the duration of analgesia without any unwanted effects.
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This article describes the use of interventional endoscopic ultrasonography, namely, endoscopic ultrasound-guided injection therapy for the treatment of pain. With the assistance of endoscopic ultrasonography, it is now possible to safely inject the celiac plexus with pharmacological agents to provide analgesia in painful pancreatic conditions such as cancer and chronic pancreatitis. The indications for celiac plexus injection, the procedure, required accessories, complications, and nursing care are discussed.