Articles: nerve-block.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Mar 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of coracoid and axillary approaches to the brachial plexus.
Brachial plexus block by the coracoid approach does not require arm abduction and may be more effective than the axillary approach because of a more proximal injection of local anaesthetic. However, the clinical usefulness of the coracoid approach has not been tested in prospective controlled trials. The present randomized, observer-blinded study compared success rates, time to obtain a complete block, frequency of adverse effects and block discomfort in two groups of 30 patients, anaesthetized for hand surgery using either the coracoid or the axillary approach to the brachial plexus. ⋯ The axillary approach to the brachial plexus using four injections of ropivacaine results in a faster onset of block and a better spread of analgesia than the coracoid approach using two injections.
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Minerva anestesiologica · Mar 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialUnilateral spinal anesthesia or combined sciatic-femoral nerve block for day-case knee arthroscopy. A prospective, randomized comparison.
To evaluate the time required to achieve surgical block and fulfill standardized discharge criteria in outpatients receiving knee arthroscopy with either unilateral spinal anesthesia or combined sciatic-femoral nerve block. ⋯ In outpatient knee arthroscopy, a combined sciatic-femoral nerve block with 2% mepivacaine provides similarly successful anesthesia with onset times and home discharge similar to those provided by unilateral spinal anesthesia.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Mar 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCombined lumbar and sacral plexus block compared with plain bupivacaine spinal anesthesia for hip fractures in the elderly.
This prospective randomized study was designed to determine the hemodynamic effects and quality of combined lumbar and sacral plexus block compared with plain bupivacaine spinal anesthesia in the elderly for repair of proximal femoral fractures. ⋯ Plain bupivacaine spinal anesthesia and combined lumbar/sacral plexus block provided adequate anesthesia for repair of hip fracture in the elderly. Hypotension was induced by both the combined peripheral nerve block and plain bupivacaine spinal anesthesia in aged patients; hypotension was found to be longer lasting after spinal anesthesia and of a larger magnitude in patients over 85 years of age.
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The 'three in one' block is a well-known locoregional technique for per- and post-operative anaesthesia. This 'three in one' block was investigated in an emergency department with three combinations of local anaesthetics as a locoregional way of pain relief for patients with fractures of the upper femur. A double-blind prospective study was conducted with 61 consecutive patients. ⋯ The technique failed in only four patients due to technical reasons. It was concluded that the 'three in one' block is a fast, safe, reliable and easy technique for pain relief in an emergency department. Good analgesia was achieved for patients with fractures of the upper femur with no need to change the position of the patient.