Articles: function.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2014
Isoflurane anesthetic hypersensitivity and progressive respiratory depression in a mouse model with isolated mitochondrial complex I deficiency.
Children with mitochondrial disorders are frequently anesthetized for a wide range of operations. These disorders may interfere with the response to surgery and anesthesia. We examined anesthetic sensitivity to and respiratory effects of isoflurane in the Ndufs4 knockout (KO) mouse model. These mice exhibit an isolated mitochondrial complex I (CI) deficiency of the respiratory chain, and they also display clinical signs and symptoms resembling those of patients with mitochondrial CI disease. ⋯ We observed an increased isoflurane anesthetic sensitivity and severe respiratory depression in the KO mice. The respiratory depression during anesthesia was strongly progressive with age. Since the pathophysiological consequences from complex I deficiency are mainly reflected in the central nervous system and our mouse model involves progressive encephalopathy, further investigation of isoflurane effects on brain mitochondrial function is warranted.
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Journal of anesthesia · Dec 2014
Comparative StudyEffects of ketoprofen for prevention of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in aged rats.
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is a common geriatric complication that may be associated with increased mortality. Here, we investigated the effects of postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen on cognitive functions in aged animals and compared its effectiveness to morphine. Rats were randomly allocated to one of four groups: isoflurane anesthesia without surgery (group C), isoflurane anesthesia with laparotomy (group IL), and isoflurane anesthesia with laparotomy plus postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen or morphine. ⋯ However, both ketoprofen and morphine could attenuate the increase in memory errors following surgery to a similar degree. Conversely, ketoprofen showed no effect on cognitive function in the nonsurgical rats that did not experience pain. Our findings suggest that postoperative analgesia with ketoprofen can prevent the development of surgery-associated memory deficits via its pain-relieving effects.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 2014
ReviewIndocyanine green plasma disappearance rate as dynamic liver function test in critically ill patients.
Indocyanine green (ICG) is a water-soluble fluorescent dye that is bound to plasma protein when administered intravenously. Removal of ICG from the blood depends on hepatic blood flow, function of the parenchymal cells and biliary excretion. ICG elimination is described as a useful dynamic liver function test. ⋯ In conclusion, measuring ICG-PDR is a valuable method for dynamic assessment of liver function, and is found to be a valuable prognostic tool in predicting survival for septic patients, patients presenting with acute liver failure and critically ill patients.
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Critical care medicine · Nov 2014
Comparative StudyHigher Levels of Spontaneous Breathing Reduce Lung Injury in Experimental Moderate Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.
To assess the effects of different levels of spontaneous breathing during biphasic positive airway pressure/airway pressure release ventilation on lung function and injury in an experimental model of moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome. ⋯ In this model of moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome in pigs, biphasic positive airway pressure/airway pressure release ventilation with levels of spontaneous breath higher than usually seen in clinical practice, that is, more than 30% of total minute ventilation, reduced lung injury with improved respiratory function, as compared with protective controlled mechanical ventilation.