Articles: pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of controlled-release and immediate-release oxycodone tablets in patients with cancer pain.
This study compared the clinical efficacy of oxycodone hydrochloride controlled-release (CR) tablets administered every 12 hours with immediate-release (IR) oxycodone tablets administered four times daily in patients with cancer-related pain. ⋯ CR oxycodone every 12 hours was as effective as IR oxycodone four times daily in managing moderate to severe cancer-related pain and was associated with fewer reports of adverse events.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Oct 1998
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical TrialThe use of controlled-release oxycodone for the treatment of chronic cancer pain: a randomized, double-blind study.
To compare the effectiveness and safety of controlled-release (CR) oxycodone tablets with immediate-release (IR) oxycodone in patients with chronic cancer pain, a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study was performed in 111 patients with cancer pain. Patients were treated with 6 to 12 tablets or capsules of fixed-combination opioid/nonopioid analgesics per day at study entry. Patients received 30 mg of CR oxycodone tablets every 12 hr or 15 mg of IR oxycodone four times daily for 5 days. ⋯ There was no significant difference between treatment groups in the incidence of adverse events. This study demonstrates that cancer pain patients given 6 to 12 tablets or capsules of fixed-dose combination analgesics can be equally well treated with CR oxycodone administered every 12 hr or IR oxycodone four times daily at the same total daily dose. CR oxycodone offers the benefits of twice daily dosing.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
A multi-center study of intrathecal neostigmine for analgesia following vaginal hysterectomy.
Intrathecal neostigmine injection produces analgesia in volunteers and reduces hypotension from intrathecal bupivacaine in animals. Initial clinical trials with neostigmine studied doses of more than 100 microg, but animal studies suggest that smaller doses may be effective. In addition, all controlled clinical trials of neostigmine have come from one Brazilian university. This multicenter, placebo-controlled trial investigated the effects of 25-75 microg intrathecal neostigmine on analgesia and blood pressure in women undergoing vaginal hysterectomy. ⋯ These data in patients after vaginal hysterectomy suggest that analgesia from intrathecal neostigmine may occur at doses less than 50 microg. In these doses, neostigmine does not reduce spinal bupivacaine-induced hypotension but may increase the need for treatment of nausea.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Comparison of oral ketorolac and hydrocodone for pain relief after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
The analgesic effectiveness of ketorolac tromethamine was compared with hydrocodone and acetaminophen for pain from an arthroscopically assisted patellar-tendon autograft anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. There were 125 patients evaluated in a double-blind, randomized, multicenter, and multidose study. A loading dose of parental ketorolac tromethamine was administered and subjects were later given two staged doses of the same "unknown" drug with pain evaluations conducted after each dose. ⋯ Moreover, ketorolac tromethamine was no more likely to cause digestive complaints than hydrocodone and acetaminophen. No bleeding problems were observed in either group. In the outpatient setting, ketorolac tromethamine controls postoperative pain better than hydrocodone and acetaminophen in the immediate postsurgery period.
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J Pain Symptom Manage · Aug 1998
Multicenter Study Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical TrialA clinical evaluation of transdermal therapeutic system fentanyl for the treatment of cancer pain.
Fentanyl has been incorporated into a transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) containing a rate-limiting membrane that provides constant release of the opioid. TTS fentanyl provides continuous opioid delivery for up to 72 hr without the need for special equipment. After Institutional Review Board approval, 53 patients with cancer pain requiring 45 mg or more of oral morphine daily were admitted into an open-label, prospective, multicenter evaluation of TTS fentanyl for the relief of pain. ⋯ Side effects considered related to the fentanyl patch were nausea (13%), vomiting (8%), skin rash (8%), and drowsiness (4%). Thirty percent of patients reported adverse experiences related to the fentanyl patch, and 17% had to be discontinued from the study. We conclude that TTS fentanyl administered every 3 days for the treatment of cancer pain is effective, safe, and well tolerated by most patients.