Articles: anesthetics.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial comparing bupivacaine with ropivacaine for labor analgesia.
A meta-analysis of studies comparing high doses of bupivacaine with ropivacaine for labor pain found a higher incidence of forceps deliveries, motor block, and poorer neonatal outcome with bupivacaine. The purpose of this study was to determine if there is a difference in these outcomes when a low concentration of patient-controlled epidural bupivacaine combined with fentanyl is compared with ropivacaine combined with fentanyl. ⋯ There was no difference in the incidence of operative delivery or neonatal outcome among nulliparous patients who received low concentrations of bupivacaine or ropivacaine for labor analgesia.
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Journal of periodontology · May 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialIntrapocket anesthesia for scaling and root planing in pain-sensitive patients.
In 2 previous multicenter studies evaluating the efficacy of a novel anesthetic gel (lidocaine 25 mg/g plus prilocaine 25 mg/g), there was a rather small, although statistically significant, overall difference between the active and placebo gels. There were, however, large center variations. At centers where the placebo-treated patients reported high pain scores, the difference between treatments was large, suggesting that the anesthetic gel is most effective in patients who experience the procedure as painful. The present multicenter, double-blind, randomized study evaluated the anesthetic effect of this gel in pain-sensitive patients by using a visual analog scale (VAS) and a verbal rating scale (VRS). ⋯ This study confirms the favorable anesthetic efficacy of active gel over placebo in selected pain-sensitive patients. It suggests that the gel may be a valuable alternative to conventional injection anesthesia.
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J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. · Feb 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialEfficacy and safety of remifentanil in coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomized, double-blind dose comparison study.
To compare the efficacy and safety of 3 doses of remifentanil as part of a total intravenous anesthesia technique with low-dose propofol in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. ⋯ All 3 remifentanil dose regimens provided profound suppression of responses to surgical stimuli in the majority of patients. There was no apparent advantage in starting the remifentanil infusion rate above 1.0 microg/kg/min. Remifentanil is not suitable for use as a sole induction agent.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Prospective study on incidence and functional impact of transient neurologic symptoms associated with 1% versus 5% hyperbaric lidocaine in short urologic procedures.
The objectives of this study were to compare the incidence, onset, duration and pain scores of transient neurologic symptoms (TNS) with 1% versus 5% hyperbaric lidocaine in spinal anesthesia for short urological procedures in a large prospective study. This study would also evaluate patient satisfaction, and impact of TNS on functional recovery to assess the clinical significance of TNS. ⋯ There was no difference in the incidence of TNS between the 1% versus 5% spinal lidocaine groups. Pain scores were higher in patients with TNS than those who did not have TNS. During the first 48 h postop, a small proportion of patients who had TNS experienced functional impairment of walking, sitting, and sleeping.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Multicenter randomized comparison of the efficacy and safety of xenon and isoflurane in patients undergoing elective surgery.
All general anesthetics used are known to have a negative inotropic side effect. Since xenon does not have a negative inotropic effect, it could be an interesting future general anesthetic. The aim of this clinical multicenter trial was to test the hypothesis of whether recovery after xenon anesthesia is faster compared with an accepted, standardized anesthetic regimen and that it is as effective and safe. ⋯ This first randomized controlled multicenter trial on the use of xenon as an inhalational anesthetic confirms, in a large group of patients, that xenon in oxygen provides effective and safe anesthesia, with the advantage of a more rapid recovery when compared with anesthesia using isoflurane-nitrous oxide.