Articles: nausea.
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20 consecutive patients with nausea and vomiting secondary to cisplatin chemotherapy uncontrolled by serotonin-antagonist and corticosteroid prophylaxis during their first cycle received adjuvant propofol. This new anesthetic agent was added at subhypnotic doses, i.e. 1 mg/kg/h, as a continuous intravenous infusion during the two subsequent chemotherapy cycles. ⋯ Patients' comfort and appetite were improved. All 20 subjects preferred the propofol-containing regimen.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Tropisetron for postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients after gynaecological surgery.
In a double-blind study, we have compared the prophylactic antiemetic effect of tropisetron 5 mg (Navoban, a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist) with that of placebo, both given as a short i.v. infusion approximately 15 min before wound closure in patients undergoing gynaecological surgery. Perioperative anaesthetic care was standardized and patients were observed for at least 24 h after operation. ⋯ Vomiting occurred in 26% of tropisetron-treated patients, compared with 59% of placebo-treated patients (P = 0.006); 69% of tropisetron-treated patients suffered nausea, compared with 88% of placebo-treated patients (P = 0.05). In addition, patients judged the antiemetic treatment with tropisetron as more effective than the placebo treatment (visual analogue score 71 vs 51 mm (P = 0.003)).
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Gan To Kagaku Ryoho · Oct 1993
Clinical Trial Controlled Clinical Trial[Clinical effects of granisetron and methylprednisolone against nausea, vomiting and anorexia induced by cisplatin].
We investigated the usefulness of concurrent therapy of granisetron with methylprednisolone sodium for on nausea, vomiting and anorexia induced by chemotherapy, including cisplatin, in patients with oral cancer. Group A: 10 patients who were on concurrent therapy of granisetron (3.0 mg/body) with methylprednisolone sodium (750 mg/body) (19 courses). ⋯ Statistical significance was found with nausea, vomiting and anorexia (p < 0.01). The results suggest usefulness of concurrent therapy of granisetron with methylpredonisolone sodium for cisplatin-induced nausea, vomiting and anorexia.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Addition of droperidol to patient-controlled analgesia: effect on nausea and vomiting.
A double-blind trial of the effect of droperidol on the incidence of nausea and vomiting in patients using patient-controlled analgesia was carried out in 60 healthy women undergoing abdominal hysterectomy. After a standard anaesthetic including droperidol 2.5 mg as a prophylactic antiemetic, patients were randomly allocated to receive postoperative patient-controlled analgesia with either morphine alone (2 mg.ml-1) or morphine (2 mg.ml-1) with droperidol (0.2 mg.ml-1) added to the syringe. Verbal scores and visual analogue scores for nausea, vomiting, pain and sedation were made at 4, 12 and 24 h postoperatively, and any requirement for intramuscular prochlorperazine noted. ⋯ At 12 h, patients receiving droperidol experienced significantly less nausea, and over the first 24 h, 31% required prochlorperazine compared with 59.3% of patients not receiving droperidol. The number of patients with sedation at 24 h was significantly greater in the droperidol group. We conclude that the addition of droperidol to morphine both reduces nausea and the need for further antiemetic treatment.
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In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study, 86 patients (44 verum, 42 placebo), scheduled for knee-joint arthrotomies or minor orthopaedic operations received either naproxen, a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesic, or placebo orally in three doses: the first immediately before the operation and the others 6 h and 12 h after the first. The verum group received 1250 mg naproxen in total. Postoperative pain intensity was measured by the category splitting procedure. ⋯ The intensity of typical side effects of opioids and antipyretic anti-inflammatory analgesics (nausea, vomiting, stomachache, headache, vertigo) was low and they were easily controlled in all cases. Lowering of respiratory frequency was not observed. Perioperative administration of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic naproxen results in better pain relief and significantly lower opioid requirements (by about 46%) after minor orthopaedic surgery.