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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Human papillomavirus DNA versus Papanicolaou screening tests for cervical cancer.
To determine whether testing for DNA of oncogenic human papillomaviruses (HPV) is superior to the Papanicolaou (Pap) test for cervical-cancer screening, we conducted a randomized trial comparing the two methods. ⋯ As compared with Pap testing, HPV testing has greater sensitivity for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. (Current Controlled Trials number, ISRCTN57612064 [controlled-trials.com].).
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Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical Trial
Zolmitriptan 5 mg nasal spray: efficacy and onset of action in the acute treatment of migraine--results from phase 1 of the REALIZE Study.
The objective of phase 1 (reported here) of this two-phase study was to assess the efficacy of zolmitriptan 5 mg nasal spray, in terms of ability to provide relief from all migraine symptoms, in a controlled setting, designed to replicate clinical practice. ⋯ These findings confirm the efficacy demonstrated by zolmitriptan nasal spray in previous clinical trials.
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Multicenter Study Comparative Study
Comparison of the socio-demographic and clinical features of pulmonary TB patients infected with sub-lineages within the W-Beijing and non-Beijing Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
Highly lethal outbreaks of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) tuberculosis are increasing. Mycobacterium tuberculosis variant Beijing family and its members is regarded as a successful clone of M. tuberculosis that is associated with drug resistance in China. Understanding the genetic characteristics and molecular mechanism of drug resistant tuberculosis within Beijing family may help to clarify its origin and evolutionary history and the driving forces behind its emergence and current dissemination. ⋯ Sublineage 181 might have the capacity to spread throughout the general community in rural China. This is the first report on the extensive association of sub-lineage 181 with MDR TB and possibly pre-XDR TB and XDR TB. It is important to monitor sublineage 181 to verify its heightened transmission and understand its importance in the global MDR-TB and XDR-TB epidemics.
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Multicenter Study Clinical Trial
Phase I dose-finding and pharmacokinetic study of paclitaxel and carboplatin with oral valspodar in patients with advanced solid tumors.
To evaluate the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs), and pharmacokinetic (PK) profile of paclitaxel and carboplatin when administered every 3 weeks with the oral semisynthetic cyclosporine analog valspodar (PSC 833), an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein function. ⋯ The recommended phase II dose in chemotherapy-naïve patients is paclitaxel 81 mg/m(2), carboplatin AUC 6 mg.min/mL, and valspodar 5 mg/kg every 6 hours. In previously treated patients, the recommended phase II dose is paclitaxel 67.5 mg/m(2), carboplatin AUC 6 mg.min/mL, and valspodar 5 mg/kg every 6 hours. The acceptable toxicity profile supports the rationale for performing disease-directed evaluations of paclitaxel, carboplatin and valspodar on the schedule evaluated in this study.
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Multicenter Study
Long-term usage of narcotic analgesics by chronic intractable noncancer pain patients in Taiwan from 2003 to 2012.
Chronic pain is a common and important medical problem worldwide. Patients with chronic intractable noncancer pain (CINCP) are treated primarily with narcotics. We analyzed the characteristics of patients with CINCP and the pain prescriptions of Taiwan's physicians. ⋯ To decrease malaise and addiction in patients with CINCP, Taiwan's physicians need more education on narcotic analgesics, and greater professional cooperation to develop therapeutic guidelines that will improve pain care for patients with CINCP.