Trending Articles
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2017
Review Meta AnalysisEffects of intravenous fentanyl around the end of surgery on emergence agitation in children: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Emergence agitation is a serious postoperative problem in children undergoing general anesthesia. The use of fentanyl around the end of surgery has been proposed to prevent emergence agitation. However, the efficacy and disadvantages of this method remain uncertain because previous results have not been consistent, depending on the variable assessed. ⋯ The current analyses indicate that fentanyl around the end of surgery reduces the incidence of emergence agitation in children undergoing general anesthesia.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · Jan 2005
Review Meta AnalysisPolicies for the removal of short-term indwelling urethral catheters.
Approximately 15% to 25% of all hospitalised patients have indwelling urethral catheters, mainly to assist clinicians to accurately monitor urine output during acute illness or following surgery, to treat urinary retention, and for investigative purposes. ⋯ There is suggestive but inconclusive evidence of a benefit from midnight removal of the indwelling urethral catheter. There are resource implications but the magnitude of these is not clear from the trials. The evidence also suggests shorter hospital stay after early rather than delayed catheter removal but the effects on other outcomes are unclear. There is little evidence on which to judge other aspects of management, such as catheter clamping.
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Cochrane Db Syst Rev · May 2015
Review Meta AnalysisPsychological therapies for sickle cell disease and pain.
Sickle cell disease comprises a group of genetic blood disorders. It occurs when the sickle haemoglobin gene is inherited from both parents. The effects of the condition are: varying degrees of anaemia which, if severe, can reduce mobility; a tendency for small blood capillaries to become blocked causing pain in muscle and bone commonly known as 'crises'; damage to major organs such as the spleen, liver, kidneys, and lungs; and increased vulnerability to severe infections. There are both medical and non-medical complications, and treatment is usually symptomatic and palliative in nature. Psychological interventions for individuals with sickle cell disease might complement current medical treatment, and studies of their efficacy have yielded encouraging results. This is an update of a previously published Cochrane Review. ⋯ Evidence for the efficacy of psychological therapies in sickle cell disease is currently limited. This systematic review has clearly identified the need for well-designed, adequately-powered, multicentre randomised controlled trials assessing the effectiveness of specific interventions in sickle cell disease.
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Meta Analysis
The efficacy of gefitinib supplementation for breast cancer: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies.
The efficacy of gefitinib supplementation for breast cancer remains controversial. We conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to explore the influence of gefitinib supplementation vs placebo on the efficacy of breast cancer. ⋯ Gefitinib supplementation may provide no positive effect on complete response, progressive disease, partial response or stable disease for breast cancer patients, but with the increase in adverse events.
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Jpen Parenter Enter · May 2013
Review Meta AnalysisThe effects of probiotics in early enteral nutrition on the outcomes of trauma: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
The role of probiotics in trauma patients remains unclear. We undertook a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the effects of probiotics on the clinical outcomes of trauma patients. ⋯ The use of probiotics is associated with a reduction in the incidence of nosocomial infections, VAP, and length of ICU stay but is not associated with an overall mortality advantage. However, the results should be interpreted cautiously due to the heterogeneity among study designs. Further large-scale, well-designed RCTs are needed.