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Versicherungsmedizin · Dec 1995
[Sarcoidosis. Dependence of life expectancy on lung function, respiratory symptoms, roentgenologic stage and age at diagnosis and significance of extrapulmonary manifestations].
Patients with intrathoracic sarcoidosis have - during prolonged observation (27 years) - the same survival as the general population. A higher mortality from sarcoidosis as well as from diseases not related to sarcoidosis is found among persons who at the time of diagnosis of sarcoidosis had respiratory symptoms and a low FEV1, TLC and Tiffeneau. Our knowledge of the prognosis for extrapulmonary manifestations and their influence on survival is sporadic. Symptoms from heart and CNS have in studies of selected patients been connected with an elevated mortality.
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Case Reports
[Lightning injuries: case report of a 17-year-old man and a brief review of the literature].
Lightning injury is one of the most frequent injuries caused by a natural phenomenon, but the risk of being struck by lightning is low. The most vulnerable subjects for lightning injuries are individuals who work in open fields. Although lightning injuries may involve all organ systems, injuries to the cardiovascular system and central nervous system are the most frequent. ⋯ We postulate that the mechanism by which lightning caused injury to this patient was a flash discharge (side splash). During his stay in hospital, a debridement of the burn surface following graft coverage and Z-plasty to close the dehiscent wound on the right neck was performed. The patient was discharged from the hospital after 14 days.
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Airway fibroblasts are major contributors to the histopathological feature of airway remodeling in asthma by their implication in the cell invasiveness and profibrogenic secretory phenotype observed in subepithelial fibrosis. 1,25 Dihydroxy vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2D3) is an important therapeutic agent that blocks many features of airway remodeling induced by profibrogenic mediators, such as transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) or T helper type 1 inflammatory cytokines. ⋯ DHBFCs under TGF-β1 or TNF-α-IL-1β stimulation showed higher fibrogenic capacity when compared to NHBFCs. 1,25(OH)2D3 significantly blocked these effects and highlight 1,25(OH)2D3 as a possible therapeutic target for severe asthma.
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Multicenter Study
Association between age at menarche and risk of diabetes in adults: results from the EPIC-Norfolk cohort study.
Earlier age at menarche is associated with increased BMI and obesity risk from early childhood through to adulthood. We hypothesised that earlier age at menarche would also predict subsequent diabetes risk. ⋯ Earlier age at menarche increases the risk of diabetes in women and this association appears to be mediated by increased adiposity. History of earlier menarche may help to identify women with increased subsequent risk of diabetes.