Trending Articles
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The Journal of pediatrics · Jul 2016
Reported Wandering Behavior among Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder and/or Intellectual Disability.
To characterize wandering, or elopement, among children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability. ⋯ This study affirms that wandering among children with ASD, regardless of intellectual disability status, is relatively common. However, wandering or becoming lost in the past year was also reported for many children with intellectual disability, indicating the need to broaden our understanding of this safety issue to other developmental disabilities.
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Preventive medicine · Dec 2011
Cyclists' experiences of harassment from motorists: findings from a survey of cyclists in Queensland, Australia.
Harassment from motorists is a major constraint on cycling that has been under-researched. We examined incidence and correlates of harassment of cyclists. ⋯ Efforts to decrease harassment should include a closer examination of the circumstances that give rise to harassment, as well as fostering road environments and driver attitudes and behaviors that recognize that cyclists are legitimate road users.
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The most common pediatric orthopaedic injury requiring hospitalization is a femur fracture. This study aimed to identify the epidemiology and mechanisms of injury so that these injuries might be reduced through specifically targeted safety measures. Data for this study were culled from the 2000 Kids' Inpatient Database representing over 2.5 million pediatric hospital discharges. ⋯ Hospital charges were more than 222 million dollars with the average charge over 2.5 times that in adolescents compared with infants/toddlers. Pediatric orthopaedists must continue to press for increased safety for our children, particularly adolescent motor vehicle safety. Abuse should be considered when a child younger than 2 years presents with a femoral fracture.
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Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. · Nov 1997
Complement activation in severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
We determined indices of plasma complement activation (C3, C4, Bb, C4d, iC3b, and SC5b-9), levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin-6, and the APACHE II score in 23 patients with complicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. On admission, plasma concentrations of Bb, SC5b-9, and C4d were markedly increased compared to healthy control subjects (n = 24) (4.5 +/- 1.9 vs 1.5 +/- 0.6 mg/L; 1125.7 +/- 496.9 vs 183.2 +/- 76.5 microg/L; and 15.7 +/- 5.7 vs 7.2 +/- 1.4 mg/L, P < 0.01 for all). In contrast C3 and iC3b concentrations were decreased (631.4 +/- 247 vs 947.3 +/- 243.2 and 105 +/- 17.9 vs 151.3 +/- 14.5 mg/L; P < 0.01 for both). ⋯ In addition, a significant correlation between C3 and iC3b (r = 0.689) and C4 and C4d (r = 0.737) existed. However, no relation between clinical disease severity and complement fragments existed. The results demonstrate that both the classical and the alternative pathways of the complement system are profoundly activated in complicated malaria.
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Case Reports
[Disorders of water- and electrolyte balance in a triathlon. 2 case reports and review of the literature].
Triathlon is an increasingly popular sport. The number of active triathletes in Switzerland has increased greatly in recent years. We report two participants of the Zürcher Euroman. ⋯ He presented with a serum sodium concentration of 120 mmol/L. Both patients had massive polyuria (first hour urine output of 900 ml, and 1300 ml respectively) that decreased in parallel with the normalization of the serum sodium. The pathophysiology, differential diagnosis and therapy of electrolyte and water disturbances in triathletes is discussed in relation to our two cases and the literature is reviewed.