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Craniofacial traumas are one of the most common clinical events of the 21st century. The possibility of associated injuries of the head and neck may also determine functional and cosmetic problems in these patients. The most frequent pathologic conditions observed are contusions, lacerations, abrasions, avulsions, and the inclusion of foreign bodies. ⋯ Ideally, imaging should be repeated postoperatively to confirm resolution of the initial clinical condition. In this article, the authors describe three unusual clinical cases of patients with penetrating injuries of the head and face together with the protocol adopted for treatment of such complex craniofacial injuries. The three cases described demonstrate that, despite the initial appearance of penetrating wounds, a correct diagnostic assessment followed by a suitable therapeutic protocol can reduce cosmetic and functional defects to a minimum.
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Medial unicompartmental knee replacement (UKR) has many advantages over total replacement (TKR) including better function and reduced morbidity. However, the long-term failure rates of fixed-bearing UKR are high, especially because of polyethylene wear. The fully congruent mobile bearing of the Oxford UKR exhibits minimal polyethylene wear, failure from this cause does not seem to occur before 10 years. ⋯ Since 1998, the phase 3 implant has been used with modified instruments through a small incision, avoiding damage to the extensor mechanism. Patients now recover about three times faster than after TKR, and regain much better flexion (mean 135 degrees ). The current evidence supports that the minimally invasive Oxford UKR should be seriously considered as primary treatment for anteromedial compartment osteoarthritis-provided the appropriate surgical expertise is available.
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Zh Vyssh Nerv Deyat+ · Mar 1998
Comparative Study[The characteristics of the spatial organization of the human EEG in ketamine-altered consciousness].
Spatial organization of human EEG was studied by means of topographic mapping methods with the multiparametric data estimations in the state altered by ketamine in terms of the concept of coherent structures of brain electrical activity. Two main features of the altered state of consciousness were reflected in the opposite shifts: an increase in the spatial synchronization in the left hemisphere (especially, in the posterior area) and its decrease in the left frontal and right temporal one. The obtained data are discussed from the viewpoint of dissociative effects of ketamine at the neurochemical and neurophysiological levels.