Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Evolution of brain MRI lesions in paediatric myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) and its relevance to disease course.
Lesion resolution is often observed in children with myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), and asymptomatic lesions are less commonly reported in MOGAD than in multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ These striking differences in lesion dynamics between MOGAD and MS suggest greater potential to repair. Early treatment with steroids and plasma exchange is associated with reduced likelihood of new lesions.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Binary reversals: a diagnostic sign in primary progressive aphasia.
Binary reversals (exemplified by 'yes'/'no' confusions) have been described in patients with primary progressive aphasia (PPA) but their diagnostic value and phenotypic correlates have not been defined. ⋯ Binary reversals are a sensitive (though not specific) neurolinguistic feature of nfvPPA, and should suggest this diagnosis if present as a prominent early symptom.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Unravelling the influence of affective stimulation on functional neurological symptoms: a pilot experiment examining potential mechanisms.
Differences in affective processing have previously been shown in functional neurological disorder (FND); however, the mechanistic relevance is uncertain. We tested the hypotheses that highly arousing affective stimulation would result in elevated subjective functional neurological symptoms (FNS), and this would be associated with elevated autonomic reactivity. The possible influence of cognitive detachment was also explored. ⋯ Emotionally significant events may exert an influence on FNS which is related to autonomic activation rather than altered subjective affect or perceived arousal. This influence may be modulated by cognitive detachment. Further work is needed to determine the relevance and neural bases of these processes in specific FND phenotypes.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Mar 2024
Observational StudyDo lower limb motor-evoked potentials predict walking outcomes post-stroke?
This observational study examined whether lower limb (LL) motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) 1 week post-stroke predict recovery of independent walking, use of ankle-foot orthosis (AFO) or walking aid, at 3 and 6 months post-stroke. ⋯ The presence of LL MEPs 1-week post-stroke predicts independent walking at 3 and 6 months post-stroke. However, the absence of MEPs does not preclude independent walking. Clinical factors, particularly age, balance and stroke severity, more strongly predict independent walking than MEP status. LL MEP status adds little value as a biomarker for walking outcomes.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Apr 2024
Clinical biomarker-based biological ageing and future risk of neurological disorders in the UK Biobank.
Many common neurological disorders are associated with advancing chronological age, but their association with biological age (BA) remains poorly understood. ⋯ Advanced BA calculated from routine clinical biomarker results increases the risk of subsequent neurological diagnoses including all-cause dementia and ischaemic stroke.