Nutrition
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) with nutritional counselling on anthropometric muscle mass markers, strength, functionality, and quality of life in patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation: A double-blind study.
Patients on the waiting list for liver transplantation (LTx) usually lose muscle mass. Supplementation with β-hydroxy β-methylbutyrate (HMB) may have a promising effect on this clinical condition. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of HMB on muscle mass, strength, functionality, and quality of life in patients on the LTx waiting list. ⋯ Nutritional counselling with supplementation with HMB or active control in patients on the LTx waiting list improved AC, dynamometry, and the FI in both groups.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Macronutrient composition and its effect on body composition changes during weight loss therapy in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.
Dietary composition may affect body composition during weight loss therapy. We tested the hypothesis of whether dietary macronutrient composition influences the reduction of total abdominal adipose tissue, subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), or visceral adipose tissue (VAT) during weight loss. ⋯ The 5:2 and LCHF diets had similar effects on changes in intraabdominal fat mass and anthropometrics during weight loss. This might indicate that overall weight loss is more important than diet composition to achieve changes in total abdominal adipose tissue, VAT, or SAT. The results of the present study suggest that there is a need for further studies on the effect of diet composition on body composition changes during weight loss therapy.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Previous gut microbiota has an effect on postprandial insulin response after intervention with yacon syrup as a source of fructooligosaccharides: a randomized, crossover, double-blind clinical trial.
The use of prebiotics has an effect on postprandial glucose and insulin concentrations; however, the interaction between the previous profile of the intestinal microbiota and the effect of supplementation with prebiotics is not clear. Our objective was to evaluate the effect of previous intestinal microbiota profile on the postprandial insulin response to yacon syrup, used as a source of fructooligosaccharides (FOSs), in young women. The product presents high levels of FOS. ⋯ The previous profile of the intestinal microbiota has an effect on the postprandial insulin response to FOSs, mainly in the phylum Actinobacteria and Bifidobacteriales order.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
REsCue trial: Randomized controlled clinical trial with extended-release calcifediol in symptomatic COVID-19 outpatients.
This double-blind randomized controlled trial investigated raising serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25D) with extended-release calcifediol (ERC) on time to symptom resolution in patients with mild to moderate COVID-19. ⋯ ERC safely raised serum 25D to ≥50 ng/mL in outpatients with COVID-19, possibly accelerating resolution of respiratory symptoms and mitigating the risk for pneumonia. These findings warrant further study.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Influence of food matrix delivery system on the bioavailability of vitamin D3: A randomized crossover trial in postmenopausal women.
Vitamin D insufficiency (blood 25-hydroxyvitamin D <50 nmol/L) is a global health problem. Vitamin D food fortification might be a solution, but knowledge is sparse on which food matrices yield the highest bioavailability. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of different food matrices including complex formations with whey proteins on the human bioavailability of vitamin D. ⋯ The bioavailability of D3 was superior in milk and water compared with juice, regardless of whether WPI was added.