International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
ReviewParadigm shift in the management of metastatic Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality in the United States. The use of precision medicine in the past 10 years has significantly changed the therapeutic landscape of lung cancer. Management of advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has transitioned from a chemotherapeutic approach to targeted treatments and immunotherapeutic agents. Several tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been approved for patients with targeted mutations and patients who do not have driver mutations; immunotherapy has been recently approved as frontline therapy, which has resulted in marked improvement in overall survival and added a new tool in our armamentarium. ⋯ The use of next-generation sequencing has significantly changed our understanding of molecular oncogenic mechanisms of lung cancer. These advancements have created a paradigm shift in the treatment strategies of metastatic lung cancer from primarily chemotherapeutic approach to increasing use of targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) leading to better survival rates and lesser toxicity.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
Meta AnalysisThe Effect of Grape Seed Extract Supplementation on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation ─ A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Controlled Trials.
Grape seed extract (GSE) seems to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties due to its high polyphenolic content. Nevertheless, the scientific literature in this field is controversial and inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials to evaluate the effect of supplementation with GSE on biomarkers of oxidative stress and inflammation. ⋯ It appears that GSE supplementation can remarkably modulate the body's redox system, particularly through the inhibition of lipid peroxidation, but has neutral or mildly beneficial effects on inflammatory responses.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
Meta AnalysisInfarct volume and outcome of cerebral ischemia, a systematic review, and meta-analysis.
Multiple studies have evaluated the accuracy of infarct volume (IV) as a predictor of outcome in patients with ischaemic stroke; however, no study has systematically reviewed the results of these studies. ⋯ The results of the meta-analysis revealed a significant association between IV and unfavourable functional outcomes in patients with ischaemic stroke.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
Meta AnalysisPrognostic value of Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an accessible and widely used biomarker. NLR may be used as an early marker of poor prognosis in patients with COVID-19. ⋯ Higher values of NLR were associated with severity and all-cause mortality in hospitalised COVID-19 patients.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
ReviewImmunonutrition hope? Oral nutritional supplement on cancer treatment.
To determine the efficacy and safety of antitumoral nutritional supplement (Oncoxin® ), and to describe its mechanism of action. ⋯ Current literature shows promising complementary effects of oral supplements to the standard treatment of cancer patients in diverse scenarios. It might help patients to deal with toxicities and adverse effects related to cancer treatment and improve their nutritional or clinical profiles.