International journal of clinical practice
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
Meta AnalysisThe association between apolipoprotein A-1 plasma level and premature coronary artery disease; a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Apolipoprotein A-1 (Apo A-1) is a constituent of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and emerging evidences put forward a potential association between Apo A-1 plasma levels and premature coronary artery disease (pCAD). The aim of the present study is to gather relative literature and perform a systematic review and meta-analysis regarding the association between serum ApoA-1 levels and pCAD. ⋯ In conclusion, there seems to be a significant association between the serum levels of ApoA-1 and pCAD. However, all of the included studies had a case-control design and since there is no good quality and prospective cohort studies included, reliability of the current evidence is debatable. Therefore, further well-designed cohort studies are required to assess the impact of serum ApoA-1 reduction on pCAD onset.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
Meta AnalysisCoronary revascularization in patients with chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease: a meta-analysis.
To compare coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for revascularising coronary arteries in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). CKD is described as a continuous decrease in the glomerular filtration rate or abnormalities in kidney structure or function. ⋯ Patients with ESRD, but not CKD, who underwent CABG had significantly lower all-cause mortality and cardiac mortality. However, CABG was associated with an increased risk of early mortality in patients with CKD or ESRD. Adequately powered, contemporary, prospective RCTs are needed to define the optimal revascularisation strategy for patients with CKD and ESRD.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
Meta AnalysisThe Effects of Pharmacological Interventions on Smoking Cessation in People with Alcohol Dependence: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Nine Randomized Controlled Trials.
Pharmacotherapies are widely used for smoking cessation. However, their efficacy for people with alcohol dependence remains unclear. ⋯ Varenicline may promote smoking cessation in people with alcohol dependence. However, Naltrexone, Topiramate and Bupropion have no clear effect on increasing smoking abstinence among drinkers. The small number of studies and the low certainty of evidence indicate that the results should be interpreted cautiously.
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Int. J. Clin. Pract. · Nov 2021
Anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms in adolescents during the COVID-19 outbreak and associated factors.
Outbreaks of infectious diseases have negative effects on mental health. Currently, there is very little information about the psychological effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents and associated factors affecting their mental health. The aim of the present study is to determine the severity of anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in adolescents during the COVID-19 outbreak, and to investigate the associated factors with these symptoms. ⋯ The present study shows that adolescents have serious levels of anxiety, depression and PTSD symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic. These results emphasise the need for mental health interventions that are appropriate for the characteristics of this age group.
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Palindromic rheumatism (PR) characterised by self-resolving attacks of arthritis and peri-arthritis that may progress to other autoimmune connective tissue diseases (CTDs). The aim of this systematic review was to analyse the effectiveness of different treatments on PR. ⋯ Although case series and retrospective studies showed that DMARDs can control attacks of the disease, our review suggests that randomised clinical trials and prospective studies with adequate sample size are needed to prove that DMARDs can prevent progression of PR to autoimmune CTDs and which DMARDs are preferred for the treatment of PR.