Neuromodulation : journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Analgesic Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation at Different Stimulus Parameters for Neuropathic Pain: A Randomized Study.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the analgesic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary motor cortex (M1-rTMS) using different stimulation parameters to explore the optimal stimulus condition for treating neuropathic pain. ⋯ The results of this study suggest that high-dose stimulation (specifically, 10-Hz rTMS at 2000 pulses) is more effective than lower-dose stimulation for treating neuropathic pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A Randomized, Sham-Controlled Trial of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Targeting M1 and S2 in Central Poststroke Pain: A Pilot Trial.
Central poststroke pain (CPSP), a neuropathic pain condition, is difficult to treat. Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeted to the primary motor cortex (M1) can alleviate the condition, but not all patients respond. We aimed to assess a promising alternative rTMS target, the secondary somatosensory cortex (S2), for CPSP treatment. ⋯ S2 is a promising nrTMS target in the treatment of CPSP. The DRD2 T/T genotype might be a biomarker for M1 nrTMS response, but this needs confirmation from a larger study.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Heart Rate Variability Features as Predictors of Intermittent Theta-Burst Stimulation Response in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with autonomic dysfunction as indicated by deficits in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. These abnormalities are expressed as elevated heart rate and reduced heart rate variability (HRV), respectively. Intermittent theta-burst stimulation (iTBS), a form of transcranial magnetic stimulation, has demonstrated effectiveness in PTSD. Nevertheless, it remains unclear whether HRV may be an iTBS biomarker for PTSD and whether iTBS impacts autonomic activity. ⋯ Our findings indicate that autonomic activity is a potential low-cost and technically simple predictive biomarker of iTBS response in PTSD. Less autonomic dysfunction was associated with superior clinical improvements with iTBS. Future studies might consider HRV acquisition during iTBS, as well as prospective testing of these findings in patients with elevated hyperarousal.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Fibromyalgia Patients Responding to a First Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Induction Course After Six Months of Maintenance Treatment: A Randomized Pilot-Controlled Study.
Fibromyalgia is a chronic painful condition without real, effective treatment. The administration of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been shown to have a therapeutic effect on pain, but there are still questions about the maintenance of its effect over time. Continuation of the treatment upon clinical response through maintenance sessions is promising and merits further exploration. ⋯ A three-week rTMS treatment, characterized by a reduction in pain, as evaluated by VAS, should be continued with the administration of rTMS maintenance sessions for an additional six months to maintain the best possible long-term effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Electric Field Strength From Prefrontal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Determines Degree of Working Memory Response: A Potential Application of Reverse-Calculation Modeling?
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) for working memory is an enticing treatment, but there is mixed evidence to date. ⋯ Higher electric fields at the left DLPFC from uniform 2 mA doses appear to drive working memory improvements from tDCS. Individualized doses from reverse-calculation modeling significantly reduce electric field variance at the cortex. Taken together, using reverse-calculation modeling to produce the same, high electric fields at the cortex across participants may produce more effective future tDCS treatments for working memory.