Articles: intubation.
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Letter Comparative Study
Comparison of paramedic intubation training techniques.
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Aspiration around uncuffed endotracheal tubes in paediatric patients is an uncommon event. Uncuffed endotracheal tubes are commonly used in paediatrics even when the risk of gastric aspiration is significant. A case history is presented of an 81/2-year-old who aspirated during a laparotomy for bowel obstruction. ⋯ Uncuffed endotracheal tubes are used because post-intubation stridor is minimized, the lungs are compliant and the funnel-shaped trachea is more likely to secure the airway from aspiration. An uncuffed tube however, does not completely seal the airway, particularly in the presence of an audible "leak." As a result of this case, we now consider the use of a cuffed endotracheal tube in children whenever a 5.5 internal diameter or larger is required. When the risk of pulmonary aspiration is present, the cuff is inflated to reduce the likelihood of contamination of the airway.
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Five dogs were cooled externally with ice-bags to rectal temperatures of 21.8-24.8 degrees C. Rewarming was performed with a specially constructed double-lumen oesophageal tube with circulating water at 42 degrees C. With this device, rewarming of the dogs to 30 degrees C took place in 60-102 min (mean 82 min). ⋯ The efficiency of this rewarming method is comparable to that of peritoneal dialysis. No after-drop in temperature was observed and there were no other complications during these experiments. Rewarming with an oesophageal thermal tube is very simple and safe to use.
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Letter Comparative Study Clinical Trial
The priming principle and the open eye-full stomach.
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Comparative Study
Bronchial intubation. A comparison between polyvinyl chloride and red rubber double lumen tubes.
Red rubber and polyvinyl chloride bronchial double lumen tubes were compared. Polyvinyl chloride tubes are easier to pass quicker to position and cause less damage to the mucosa of the respiratory tract than the red rubber equivalents.