Articles: postoperative.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 2022
Randomized Controlled TrialSerum biomarkers of brain injury after uncomplicated cardiac surgery: Secondary analysis from a randomized trial.
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction is common after cardiac surgery. Postoperative measurements of brain injury biomarkers may identify brain damage and predict cognitive dysfunction. We describe the release patterns of five brain injury markers in serum and plasma after uncomplicated cardiac surgery. ⋯ Uncomplicated cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass is associated with an increase in serum/plasma levels of all the studied injury markers, without signs of blood-brain barrier injury. The biomarkers differ markedly in their levels of release and time course. Further investigations are required to study associations between perioperative release of biomarkers, postoperative cognitive function and clinical outcome.
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Intraabdominal surgeries are frequently performed procedures that lead to a high volume of unplanned readmissions and postoperative complications. Patient sex may be a determinant of adverse outcomes in this population, possibly due to differences in biology or care delivery, but it is understudied. The authors hypothesized that there would be no association between patient sex and the risk of postoperative adverse outcomes in intraabdominal surgery. ⋯ In a large population of intraabdominal surgical patients, there was no differential risk between sexes in the composite outcome of all-cause death, hospital readmission, or major postoperative complications, all within 30 postoperative days.
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Reg Anesth Pain Med · Apr 2022
Dose-dependent effects of high intensity focused ultrasound on compound action potentials in an ex vivo rodent peripheral nerve model: comparison to local anesthetics.
In animal models, focused ultrasound can reversibly or permanently inhibit nerve conduction, suggesting a potential role in managing pain. We hypothesized focused ultrasound's effects on action potential parameters may be similar to those of local anesthetics. ⋯ While some action potential parameters were altered comparably by focused ultrasound and local anesthetics, there were small but notable differences. It is not evident if these differences may lead to differences in clinical pain effects when focused ultrasound is applied in vivo or if focused ultrasound pressures that result in clinically relevant changes damage nerve structures. Given the potential advantages of a non-invasive technique for managing pain conditions, further investigation may be warranted in an in vivo pain model.
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Journal of neurosurgery · Apr 2022
The safety and efficacy of dexamethasone in the perioperative management of glioma patients.
In this single-institution retrospective cohort study, the authors evaluated the effect of dexamethasone on postoperative complications and overall survival in patients with glioma undergoing resection. ⋯ Combined pre- and postoperative dexamethasone use may increase the risk of postoperative wound infection, and dexamethasone use, specifically preoperative use, may negatively impact survival. These findings highlight the potential for serious negative consequences with dexamethasone use.