Articles: brain-injuries.
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Review Meta Analysis Comparative Study
The Effectiveness of Antiepileptic Medications as Prophylaxis of Early Seizure in Traumatic Brain Injury Patients Compared to Placebo or No Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
The use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) to prevent early posttraumatic seizure (PTS) for patients with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is currently recommended, although published studies present contradictory results concerning the protective effect of AEDs. ⋯ Only modest evidence suggested effectiveness of AEDs as prophylaxis of early PTS. Phenytoin was the most studied drug; more prospective studies are needed to assess the efficacy of other AEDs.
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Traumatic brain injury is one of the leading causes of death and sources of heavy societal burden. Hypoxemia and hypercapnia are the 2 common complications of brain injury. Intubation seems to be an effective intervention for preventing the 2 complications in pre-hospital setting. But the results of the existing studies on the effect of pre-hospital intubation on prognosis of patients (aged less than 18) with severe traumatic brain injury are conflict. Thus, in this study, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether pre-hospital intubation is benefit for the prognosis in infants, children and adolescents with severe traumatic brain injury. ⋯ CRD42019121214.
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Review Meta Analysis
Serum cardiac troponins as prognostic markers in patients with traumatic and non-traumatic brain injuries: A meta-analysis.
The association between brain injury and elevated serum cardiac troponin (cTn) remains poorly understood. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate whether elevated cTn increases the risk of mortality in patients with traumatic (TBI) or non-traumatic brain injury (NT-BI). ⋯ Pooled analysis indicates that elevated cTn is significantly associated with a high mortality in patients with TBI and NT-BI. Prospective clinical trials are needed to support these findings and to inform a biomarker risk stratification regardless of the mechanism of injury.
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J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatr. · Jan 2019
Meta AnalysisRelationship between white matter integrity and post-traumatic cognitive deficits: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
To investigate relationships between cognitive domains and white matter changes in different regions in patients with cognitive deficits after traumatic brain injury (TBI). ⋯ FA is the most sensitive metric for detecting post-TBI cognitive decline across various domains. Representative white matter regions, such as the CC and IC, perform better than whole-brain white matter for reflecting a wide range of cognitive domains, including memory, attention and executive functions. Moreover, the fornix and cingulum particularly reflect memory function. They yield insights into particular imaging indicators that have neuropsychological value.
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Review Meta Analysis
Neuroprotection by anaesthetics in rodent models of traumatic brain injury: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Anaesthetic neuroprotection in the setting of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains unproved and is based upon the results in preclinical experiments. Here, we sought to synthesise the results in rodent models of TBI, and to evaluate the effects of publication bias, experimental manipulation, and poor study quality on the effect estimates. ⋯ Anaesthetics do provide neuroprotection in rodent models of TBI. The effect-size estimates do not appear to be exaggerated by selective publication, experimental manipulation, or study design. The main shortcoming of the included studies were small sample sizes leading to low power and imprecision, which precluded the network meta-analysis from providing a meaningful ranking for efficacy amongst the drugs. Reliable preclinical investigations of neuroprotection by anaesthetics will require larger sample sizes.