Revista médica de Chile
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Revista médica de Chile · Oct 2021
Meta Analysis[Systematic review of treatment alternatives for depressed adults with early adverse stress].
Early adverse stress is a risk factor for the appearance of mental health ailments during adulthood. ⋯ Despite the ubiquity of EAS and its adverse and long-lasting consequences for well-being and health, treatment alternatives are scant. This review suggests that there are treatment interventions for depression in adults exposed to EAS that may achieve integral mental health benefits, alleviating its impact on various symptoms and functional domains, when EAS is explicitly considered in the treatment intervention.
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Revista médica de Chile · Sep 2021
ReviewWhen it is time to decide: factors associated to the choice of a medical specialty.
After finishing their initial education, physicians can enter post-graduate training programs. In Chile, there are multiple medical specialties options. This review synthesizes the factors associated with the choice of specialty, according to international publications. ⋯ Besides, both prestige and economic prospects are influential factors in the choice and specialties such as Surgery are preferred. The choice of specialty must reach a balance between the students' interests and public health needs. Identifying these factors would allow a better understanding of the present shortfall (or surplus) in certain fields and contribute to the definition of policies and decision-making.
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Dermatitis herpetiformis is an autoimmune chronic blistering disease, considered a skin manifestation of celiac disease. Being both conditions multifactorial, they share some genetic traits and pathogenic mechanisms, which are responsible for the typical skin and gastrointestinal manifestations. ⋯ Diagnosis of celiac disease has progressively increased in recent decades, while clinical manifestations become more and more diverse. Given the current high frequency of skin lesions in celiac patients, in this review we update relevant aspects of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentations, treatment and follow up of dermatitis herpetiformis, as a contribution to improve the management of both conditions.
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Revista médica de Chile · Aug 2021
Review[Measurement of exhaled nitric oxide fraction in lung diseases].
Exhaled Nitric Oxide fraction measurement is a new method for the evaluation of respiratory diseases. It has good correlation with airway inflammation and decreases with the administration of corticosteroids. ⋯ It can be used routinely to evaluate the response and adherence to treatments. This article reviews the biology of Nitric Oxide, and the measurement, interpretation, and main clinical uses of Exhaled Nitric Oxide Fraction.
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Revista médica de Chile · Jul 2021
Review[Pharmacokinetic interactions of fruit juices and herbal preparations].
Drug disposition in the human body is strongly influenced by transporters and metabolizing enzymes expressed in key organs including intestine, liver and kidney. Since drugs and chemicals present in foods such as fruit juices and herb-based products are substrates of the above-mentioned proteins, there is a high probability of pharmacokinetic interactions. Findings from preclinical and clinical studies helped to characterize the mechanisms by which the components of fruit juices and herbs act as perpetrators of pharmacokinetic interactions. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of pharmacokinetic fruit juice- and herb-drug interactions that could be relevant in the clinical setting.